What Is the Firearms Act?
The Firearms Act (S.C. 1995, c. 39) is the primary federal law governing firearms in Canada. It establishes the licensing system, registration requirements, storage standards, and transportation rules for all firearms in the country. The Act works alongside the Criminal Code of Canada to regulate firearms possession, use, and transfer.
Key Provisions
| Topic | Key Point |
|---|---|
| Licensing | All firearms owners must have a valid PAL or RPAL |
| Classification | Three classes: non-restricted, restricted, prohibited |
| Registration | All restricted and prohibited firearms must be registered |
| Storage | Specific rules for each class (OR rule vs AND rule) |
| Transport | Different rules by class; restricted requires ATT |
| Transfer | Both parties must have valid licences; restricted transfers verified by RCMP |
| Import/Export | Federal permits required for international movement |
| Background checks | Continuous eligibility screening for all licence holders |
| Age requirements | Minimum 18 years (12 with parental consent for minors licence) |
| Renewal | PAL/RPAL valid for 5 years; must renew before expiry |
Penalties Under the Act
Violations of the Firearms Act carry serious penalties, including criminal charges, fines, and imprisonment. Common offences include possessing a firearm without a licence, improper storage, unauthorized transport, and failing to register restricted firearms. The RCMP has the authority to revoke licences and seize firearms at any time if a licence holder becomes ineligible.
For a deeper understanding, practise with our Legal Requirements test and review the quick reference guide.
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