The AND Rule Explained
In Canada, restricted firearms (including all handguns) must be stored using a stricter standard than non-restricted firearms. This is known as the AND rule: the firearm must be unloaded AND secured with a trigger lock or cable lock AND stored in a locked container, vault, or room built for secure storage. This is in contrast to non-restricted firearms, which use the OR rule (one safeguard is sufficient).
Storage Comparison: Restricted vs Non-Restricted
| Requirement | Non-Restricted (OR) | Restricted (AND) |
|---|---|---|
| Unloaded | Required | Required |
| Trigger/cable lock | OR | AND (required) |
| Locked container | OR | AND (required) |
| Locked room | Alternative | Additional layer |
| Ammo storage | Can be stored with | Must be separate or in locked container |
| Bolt removal | Alternative to lock | Not sufficient alone |
Step-by-Step: How to Store a Handgun Legally
- Unload the firearm completely. Remove the magazine, cycle the action to eject any chambered round, and visually inspect the chamber.
- Apply a trigger lock or cable lock. Use a lock that prevents the trigger from being pulled or the action from cycling.
- Place the locked firearm in a locked container. This could be a gun safe, a locked hard case, or a vault designed for firearms storage.
- Store ammunition separately or in a locked container. Ammunition should not be accessible alongside the restricted firearm unless it is also locked.
- Keep the storage location secure. The container should be in a location that is not easily accessible to unauthorized persons, especially children.
Penalties for Improper Storage
Improper storage of firearms is a criminal offence under the Criminal Code of Canada (Section 86). Penalties can include fines, imprisonment, and licence revocation. For restricted firearms, improper storage charges carry more severe consequences due to the stricter requirements. Always ensure your storage setup meets the AND rule standard.
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