Firearm Action Types — CFSC & CRFSC Exam Guide
Firearm actions determine how a firearm loads, fires, and ejects cartridges. The CFSC tests your ability to identify action types and perform PROVE correctly on each. Types covered include: bolt-action, lever-action, pump-action (slide-action), semi-automatic, and break-action (single, double, over-under).
| Entity | Attribute | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Bolt-Action | PROVE Key Step | Lift bolt handle and pull back to expose chamber |
| Lever-Action | PROVE Key Step | Open lever fully to expose chamber |
| Pump-Action | PROVE Key Step | Cycle action repeatedly, empty tube before observing chamber |
| Semi-Automatic | PROVE Key Step | Remove magazine first, then lock slide/bolt back |
| Break-Action | PROVE Key Step | Break open to expose one or both chambers |
| Full-Auto | Classification | Prohibited (illegal for new owners) |
| Double-Action Revolver | PROVE Key Step | Open cylinder, eject all rounds, inspect each chamber |
What Action Types Are Tested on the CFSC?
The CFSC covers: bolt-action (most hunting rifles), lever-action (Winchester, Marlin pattern), pump-action (shotguns like Mossberg 500 and Remington 870), semi-automatic (both centrefire and rimfire), and break-action (single-shot, double-barrel, over-under shotguns). The CRFSC adds revolver and semi-automatic pistol handling.
Why Does Action Type Affect the PROVE Procedure?
Each action type exposes the chamber differently. Pump-action shotguns have a magazine tube that must be emptied by repeated cycling. Semi-automatic pistols have a detachable magazine that must be removed first. Revolvers have a cylinder with multiple chambers each requiring inspection. Performing PROVE correctly for each type is a core practical skill.
What Is the Key Difference Between Semi-Automatic and Automatic?
A semi-automatic firearm fires one round per trigger pull, then automatically cycles a new round into the chamber. An automatic firearm fires continuously while the trigger is held. Automatic firearms are prohibited in Canada (no new ownership permitted). Many people confuse these terms — all legal civilian semi-autos fire only one round per trigger pull.