Canadian Firearm Safety — Complete Guide 2026
Canadian firearm safety is based on two core protocols: ACTS (Assume loaded, Control muzzle, Trigger finger off, See the chamber) and PROVE (Point safely, Remove magazine, Observe chamber, Verify feed path, Examine bore). These apply to every firearm interaction and are tested on both CFSC and CRFSC exams.
ACTS & PROVE Protocols
Core safety rules tested on every exam
Non-Restricted Storage Safety
OR rule — trigger lock or locked container
Restricted Storage Safety
AND rule — trigger lock AND locked container
Handgun Safe Handling
CRFSC handgun-specific protocols
Long Gun Safe Handling
CFSC rifle and shotgun protocols
Range Safety Rules
Commands and conduct at the range
Hunting Safety
Field safety for hunters
What Are the Core Firearm Safety Rules in Canada?
Canadian firearms safety starts with ACTS and PROVE — two acronym-based protocols taught in every CFSC and CRFSC course. ACTS applies every time you pick up any firearm. PROVE is used when verifying a firearm is unloaded. Mastering both protocols is essential for passing the CFSC practical exam (100% pass mark required).
| Entity | Attribute | Value |
|---|---|---|
| ACTS | A | Assume every firearm is loaded |
| ACTS | C | Control the muzzle |
| ACTS | T | Trigger finger off until ready |
| ACTS | S | See the chamber |
| PROVE | P | Point in a safe direction |
| PROVE | R | Remove cartridges from the magazine |
| PROVE | O | Observe the chamber |
| PROVE | V | Verify the feeding path |
| PROVE | E | Examine the bore |