Canadian PAL (Possession and Acquisition Licence) — Complete 2026 Guide
The Possession and Acquisition Licence (PAL) is the federal licence required to legally own or buy firearms in Canada. Issued by the RCMP Canadian Firearms Program, a PAL covers either non-restricted firearms only, or both non-restricted and restricted firearms (RPAL).
What Is a PAL in Canada?
A PAL is a federal licence issued under the Firearms Act (S.C. 1995, c. 39) that authorizes Canadians to possess and acquire firearms. Without a valid PAL, it is illegal to own, store, or buy a firearm in Canada. PALs are issued for 5-year terms and must be renewed before expiry.
| Entity | Attribute | Value |
|---|---|---|
| PAL | Validity | 5 years |
| PAL | Minimum Age | 18 (or 12–17 with Minor's Licence) |
| Non-Restricted PAL | Fee | $60 |
| Restricted PAL (RPAL) | Fee | $80 |
| PAL Renewal | Fee | $60 (non-restricted), $80 (restricted) |
| Processing Time | Average | 45 days (can exceed 6 months) |
| Background Check | Scope | Criminal, mental health, domestic violence history |
| Waiting Period | New Applicants | 28 days minimum |
What Are the Two Types of PAL?
Canada issues two PAL types: a Non-Restricted PAL for rifles and shotguns (requires completing the CFSC), and a Restricted PAL (RPAL) for handguns and restricted long guns (requires both CFSC and CRFSC). Both require passing written and practical exams.
How Do You Apply for a PAL?
To apply for a PAL, you must pass the CFSC (and CRFSC for restricted), submit the RCMP CFP 2131 form, provide two passport-style photos, pay the application fee, and wait for RCMP processing. Applications are submitted by mail or in person — there is no fully online application as of 2026.
- Pass the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC)
- Pass the CRFSC if applying for restricted firearms (RPAL)
- Complete Form CFP 2131 — Application for Licence
- Attach two passport-style photos (taken within 6 months)
- Provide spousal/conjugal partner notification if required
- Pay the application fee: $60 (non-restricted) or $80 (restricted)
- Mail to your provincial Chief Firearms Office
- Wait for RCMP background check and processing (avg 45 days)
Who Needs a PAL in Canada?
Any Canadian resident aged 18 or older who wants to legally possess, acquire, or use a firearm needs a PAL. Exceptions include minors aged 12–17 who may obtain a Minor\'s Licence for borrowing non-restricted firearms for hunting or target shooting under direct adult supervision.
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